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Wegovy and its role in obesity treatment

What it is

Wegovy is a prescription medication containing semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist. It is administered as a once-weekly subcutaneous injection. Initially developed for type 2 diabetes at lower doses under the name Ozempic, it was later approved at higher doses for chronic weight management.
Clinical studies report an average body weight reduction of approximately 15% over 68 weeks.

Wegovy received Medsafe approval for weight management in New Zealand in mid-2025, with stock and prescriptions available from 1 July 2025.
It is not funded by Pharmac, so patients are responsible for the full cost.

Cost & Availability

The estimated cost is between NZD 450–600 per month, depending on the pharmacy.

How it works

Wegovy mimics the endogenous hormone GLP-1, which is released in the gut after eating. It regulates appetite and food intake by acting on appetite-control centres in the brain. Additionally, it slows gastric emptying, increases satiety, and reduces cravings, contributing to decreased caloric intake and weight loss.

Indications

Wegovy is approved for chronic weight management in:

  • Adults with a BMI ≥30 (obesity), or
  • Adults with a BMI ≥27 (overweight) who also have at least one weight-related comorbidity (e.g., type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, obstructive sleep apnoea).

It is indicated for use alongside a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity, with support from specialist dietitians and clinicians.

Side effects

The most common side effects are gastrointestinal and typically occur during dose escalation:
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation, abdominal pain

Other possible side effects include:

  • Headache, fatigue, dizziness, dyspepsia
  • Injection site reactions
  • Increased heart rate
  • Rare but serious risks: pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, kidney injury, and potential risk of medullary thyroid carcinoma (boxed warning; contraindicated in individuals with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer or MEN2).

In summary

Wegovy is a GLP-1 agonist approved for chronic weight management. By mimicking a natural gut hormone, it reduces appetite and caloric intake, resulting in weight loss when combined with lifestyle modifications. The medication is generally tolerated, though gastrointestinal side effects are common and there are specific safety considerations.

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